![]() ![]() One of these is Swiss private aerospace company Destinus, which is working on hypersonic airplanes for worldwide cargo and passenger transportation. ![]() Since the Concorde was retired in 2003, travelling around the world faster than the speed of sound has been largely relegated to wishful thinking.īut there are many aerospace developers working hard to put high-speed planes on airport tarmacs within the next few decades. Supersonic passenger planes are not entirely new the Concorde was the world’s last supersonic passenger jet, carrying its first commercial passengers in 1976.īut the planes were plagued by technical and engineering issues, while high fuel consumption and limited seating meant Concorde flights didn’t turn a profit. Supersonic means faster than the speed of sound (Mach 1), while hypersonic means travelling at five times faster than the speed of sound (Mach 5). So the aeroplane has to adjust itself with the relative change in the speed of sound.Aerospace start-ups are working on making this a reality with supersonic and hypersonic planes. Now as the height changes the speed of sound also changes in that particular height resulting change in Mach number. Q.3 How Mach number changes with change in medium and height?Īnswer: Let us assume an aeroplane is flying with the speed of sound in air medium. For mechanical approximation, if Mach number is less than 0.3 then it is incompressible flow. If Mach number is very high then the fluid is considered compressible, and if Mach number is low then for change in pressure the volume remains constant making the flow incompressible. Change in velocity is related to Mach number. From Bernoulli’s theorem, we know that change in pressure is related to change in velocity. Fluids are considered incompressible when the temperature is constant. In reality, the change in volume with change in pressure is very small. Even if we change the pressure the volume remains constant. Q.2 Discuss incompressible fluid with the help of Mach number?Īnswer: Incompressible fluid is those fluids whose density remains the same. In this condition major changes in temperature, pressure takes place.This shock effect is heard by the people in the ground similar to a clap sound. FAQs about Mach numberĪnswer: When an aeroplane flies with more speed than the sound that is supersonic a shock wave is produced. ![]() We know that when a fluid flows over a solid surface, a thin membrane of fluid sticks to the surface and acquires the same velocity of the surface. In air medium, the movement of these waves depends on various factors such as temperature and pressure of the air. Also, we know that sound moves in the form of waves. The design of aircraft is done according to the Mach number to get the best result. The range of Mach number is five to ten in this case. Hypersonic: When the speed of an object is much higher than the speed of sound the flow is called hypersonic. Aeroplanes have proper designs to undergo supersonic speed. Supersonic: When the object flow with greater velocity than the sound it is said to have supersonic velocity. That is for these type of flow the velocity of an object is equal to the velocity of sound in the local medium. Sonic: For sonic flow, the Mach number is one. Commercial aeroplanes flowing in this range have a round nose and leading edges. Subsonic: For these type of flow the Mach number remains below 0.8. Various Types of FlowĪccording to the variation of Mach number fluid flow is classified. Mach number has no dimensions because it is the ratio of two velocities having the same dimensions. Hereby judging the Mach number we can say that the fluid is compressible or not. If the aeroplane has a higher velocity it provides a compressing effect on the surrounding air. When an aeroplane is flying in the sky the air particles nearest to the body of aeroplane get disturbed. Where v= Speed of the object in a medium with respect to some boundary either internal or external.Īnd c =Speed of sound in the local medium. Generally, the Mach number is represented with the symbol ‘M’. By definition, it is a dimensionless quantity expressing the ratio of the velocity of an object in a medium to speed of sound. Mach number is heavily studied to have a proper idea on the motion of aeroplanes and rockets. It is a parameter to denote the speed of a flying object in air medium. Mach number is an important quantity to compare the speed of any object with a speed of sound. 2 FAQs about Mach number Significance of Mach number ![]()
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